Payload in aviation, particularly when it comes to the operation of transport aircraft refers to anything that an aircraft carries beyond what is required for it's operation during flight. Payload is always expressed in weight. Theoretically,'pay-load' comprises the load from which revenue is derived. This includes passengers, baggage, cargo and/or mail carried on the aircraft.
Payload can also be described as the amount of load carried by an aircraft over and above the load necessary for the operation of an aircraft. Payload isn't only important because it is the source of revenue for the airline operator,but also because it's distribution in the aircraft can affect the weight and balance thus,the aircraft's performance in flight.
Payload(passengers,baggage,cargo and mail) need optimal distribution in the aircraft because if not done properly,may unbalance the aircraft and cause either nose or tail heaviness.
The payload capacity of an aircraft among other factors differentiate one aircraft from another.
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